Bartholomew the Englishman On Perverse Angels

Excerpted from De Proprietatibus Rerum

Introduction by Juris Lidaka

Excerpt

Mali igitur angeli consentientes voluntati Luciferi cadentis, irrecuperabiliter in hoc aere caliginoso veluti in carcere sunt reclusi. Ceciderunt autem de luce in tenebras, de scientia in ignorantiam, de dilectione in odium et invidiam, de summa felicitate in summam miseriam: ut dicit Gregorius. Item, daemones praesunt daemonibus secundum maiorem scientiam et minorem, aliis subsunt, ut dicit Ambrosius super Lucam. Quamvis enim obstinati sunt in malo vivaci tamen sensu non sunt penitus spoliati. Nam ut dicit Isidorus, triplici acumine vigent daemones. Nam quaedam sciunt subtilitate naturae, quaedam experientia temporum et diuturnitate, quaedam sanctorum spirituum revelatione. Therefore, the evil angels, consenting to the will of the fallen Lucifer, were cast irrecoverably into that murky air as though confined in prison. Moreover, they fell from light into darkness, from knowledge into ignorance, from love into hate and envy, from greatest happiness into greatest misery, as Gregory says.
Again, according to their greater or lesser knowledge, some demons are sovereign over others, some under others, as Ambrosius says in his commentary on Luke. For though they are obstinate in evil, yet they are lively; they are not entirely stripped of sense. For as Isidore says, demons have three types of wit. For some demons know through the subtlety of nature, some know by daily experience of times, some know by the revelation of the Holy Spirit.
EI

EII

EIII

GI

GII
Item, daemones ut dicit Augustinus in eius vivacitate ingenii cognoscunt seminales rerum virtutes nobis occultas quas per congruas et temperatas elementorum per commixtiones spargunt, et sic diversas rerum species producunt quod enim posset per se facere natura successive, hoc potest diabolus facere per accelerationem operum naturae: unde per artem daemonum magi Pharaonis serpentes et ranas subito produxerunt, sicut super Exodum Glossa dicit. Again, as Augustine says, certain demons in each one's vivacity of nature, know the seminal virtues of things, which are hidden from us. By spreading these hidden seminal virtues in congruous and temperate compounds of elements, they thereby produce diverse species of things. For what nature can do by itself successively, the devil is able to make by accelerating the works of nature. Hence, by demonic arts, the Pharaohs' magicians were able to suddenly produce serpents and frogs, as the gloss on A says.  
Item, daemonum intentio tota est ad malum et ad fatigationem bonorum, et ideo elementa saepe perturbant, tempestates in mari et in aere concitant, fructus terrae corrumpunt et devastant, ut patet Apocalypsis cap. 7.[1] et longe peiora facerent, si boni angeli non cohiberent et ideo, quia continue peccant, quocumque vadunt, poenam suam continue secum portant, ut dicit Gregorius. Again, the whole intent of the demons is toward malice and weakening of the good, thus they often disturb the elements, arouse tempests in the sea and air, and corrupt and devastate the fruits of the earth. As is evident in Apocalypse 7, they would do far worse things, if the good angels did not restrain them. Therefore, because they continually sin wherever they go, they continually carry with themselves their own punishment, as Gregory says.  
Item, in libro 14 secundum diversas diversorum complexiones varias diversis parant, temptationum illaqueantes deceptiones, nam laetos temptant de luxuria, tristes de discordia, timidos de desperatione, superbos de praesumptione. Again, in book 14, in diverse ways, in accordance with the diverse complexions of different people, they prepare diverse temptations and ensnaring deceptions. For they tempt joyful men with extravagance, depressed men with discord, fearful men with desperation, proud men with presumption.  
Apparente iudicio cuncto assistente coelestis curiae ministerio, antiquus ille hostis diabolus, belua crudelis et fortis in medio captivus adducetur, et cum suo toto corpore aeternae Gehennae incendiis mancipabitur, ubi utique inauditum erit spectaculum, quando haec immanissima belua electorum oculis ostendetur. When the ancient enemy appears at judgment, with the ministry of heaven's court assisting, the strong and cruel beast will be led captive into their midst, and his whole body [of followers] shall be consigned to eternal fires of hell, where certainly there will be a spectacle the likes of which was never seen, when these most monstrous beasts will be put on display before the eyes of the chosen ones. GII

Etymology Exercise I

For the following Latin nouns and adjectives from the passage, find the root as described above and type it into the box beside it.

daemones - daemon
naturae - natur
angeli - angel
mali - mal
sanctorum - sanct

For the following Latin verbs from the passage, find the two roots as described above and type them into the boxes provided.

Scio - sci, sciv, scit
Dico - dice, dix, dict

Etymology Exercise II

For the following Latin nouns and adjectives from the passage, find the root as described above and type it into the box beside it.

virtutes - virtut
elementorum - element
operum - oper
serpentes - serpent

For the following Latin verbs from the passage, find the two roots as described above and type them into the boxes provided.

Cognosco - cognosce, cognov, cognit
Spargo - sparge, spars, spars

Etymology Exercise III

For the following Latin nouns and adjectives from the passage, find the root as described above and type it into the box beside it.

bonorum - bon
terrae - terr
poenam - poen

For the following Latin verbs from the passage, find the two roots as described above and type them into the boxes provided.

Facio - face, fec, fact
Perturbo - perturba, perturbav, perturbat
Porto - porta, portav, portat

Grammar I: Ablative and Accusative Cases

Change the following nouns from the ablative to the accusative case, keeping the same number and gender:

1. de luxuria: ad luxuriam
2. de discordia: ad discordiam
3. de desperatione ad desperationem
4. de praesumptione: ad praesumptionem

Grammar II: Reading Comprehension

Read the Latin passage above and answer the following questions.

1. Who is appearing at Judgment? c. that ancient enemy

2. How will he be led into their midst? b. as a captive

3. Who is “belua”? a. the Devil

4. What will happen to him? c. He will be consigned to the eternal flames of Hell.

5. Who will witness this unheard-of spectacle? a. the chosen ones