Roger Bacon says:
“But it is well known that a dog recognizes a man whom he has seen before when he sees him again. Both apes and many beasts do so, and distinguish among things which they see of which they have a memory, and they come to recognize one universal from another, as a man from a dog or from wood, and they distinguish individuals of a particular species; and so the understanding, which scientists of perceptions call understanding through knowledge, belongs to animals just as it does to people.”
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